Xanthomas

I. Definition:

Xanthomas occur on the eye lids, usually on both sides. They are yellow, soft, and slightly raised bumps. Xanthomas are fairly common on the eyelids. Xanthomas are made of cholesterol deposits.  Sometimes xanthomas can occur suddenly on other areas of the body.  These are called eruptive xanthomas and are a sign that blood fat levels are too high.  If one gets eruptive xanthomas a physician should be consulted as soon as possible.  Eruptive xanthomas are pictured below:

II. Causes:

• The cause of xanthomas on the eyelids is not known. Xanthomas are not contagious nor are they harmful.
• Eruptive xanthomas are caused by elevated blood triglyceride levels.

III. Treatment:

• A skin biopsy is not needed for the diagnosis of xanthomas. The doctor can diagnose eyelid xanthomas by visual inspection.  A skin biopsy is usually preformed if the doctor suspects eruptive xanthomas.
• Plasma lipid studies should be checked if you have xanthomas, as 33% of the men and 40% of women with xanthomas on the eyelids have elevated cholesterol levels.  All people with eruptive xanthomas have elevated blood triglyceride levels.
• Eruptive xanthomas are treated by dietary fat restriction and prescription medication.
• Treatment of eyelid xanthomas is not necessary. They are usually only treated for cosmetic reasons.
• Eyelid lesions can be treated with topical trichloroacetic acid.  Burning is felt when the solution is placed on the skin, but the sensation is only temporary.

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